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Hydrochlorothiazide is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs called thiazide diuretics. It is commonly prescribed to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and edema (fluid retention) caused by various conditions such as congestive heart failure, kidney disorders, or liver cirrhosis.
Hydrochlorothiazide works by increasing the amount of urine produced by the kidneys, which helps to remove excess salt and water from the body. By reducing the volume of fluid in the blood vessels, it helps to lower blood pressure. It also promotes the excretion of potassium and magnesium, which can help prevent electrolyte imbalances.
Additionally, hydrochlorothiazide may have other beneficial effects on blood vessels, such as improving their ability to relax and reducing the stiffness of arterial walls. These effects contribute to its antihypertensive properties.
It is important to note that hydrochlorothiazide should be taken as prescribed by a healthcare professional, and regular monitoring of blood pressure and electrolyte levels may be necessary while using this medication.