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Semaglutide is a medication used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity. It belongs to a class of drugs called glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs).
Semaglutide works by mimicking the action of a hormone called glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in the body. GLP-1 is naturally produced in the intestines and helps regulate blood sugar levels by stimulating the release of insulin and reducing the production of glucagon (a hormone that raises blood sugar levels). GLP-1 also slows down the emptying of the stomach, which helps to reduce appetite and promote weight loss.
By acting as a GLP-1 receptor agonist, semaglutide enhances the effects of GLP-1 in the body. It stimulates the release of insulin from the pancreas when blood sugar levels are high, and it reduces the production of glucagon. This helps to lower blood sugar levels and improve glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes.
In addition to its effects on blood sugar control, semaglutide also promotes weight loss. It reduces appetite by slowing down the emptying of the stomach, leading to a feeling of fullness and reduced food intake. This can be beneficial for individuals with obesity who are trying to lose weight.
Semaglutide is typically administered as a once-weekly injection and is available in different doses depending on the indication (diabetes or obesity). It is important to note that semaglutide should be used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes a healthy diet and regular exercise.